Papua New Guinea (PNG) and Australia have both reached an agreement on a new defence pact, officially known as the Pukpuk Treaty, which will uplift the two countries’ defence relationship to an official alliance. The agreement is set to be formally signed once both governments complete their internal approval processes. The Pukpuk Treaty marks an important step in strengthening the security cooperation between the two nations, ensuring that they will come to each other’s aid in the event of an armed attack. Both countries have committed to the principle that an attack on one would pose a threat to the safety and security of both. Key highlights of the treaty include: • Mutual Defence: The two nations have agreed to assist each other in the event of an armed attack. • Defence Cooperation and Personnel Exchange: The treaty will also see the expansion of defence collaboration, with PNG citizens being given the opportunity to join the Australian Defence Force. • Enhanced Military Capabilities: Both countries will work to boost their military capabilities and improve their ability to operate together effectively in joint missions. • Non-Interference: Any future agreements with third parties will not hinder the implementation of the treaty, ensuring that both nations maintain control over their shared security commitments. • Respect for Sovereignty: The treaty reaffirms both countries' commitment to each other's sovereignty, independence, and the right to make their own decisions without external pressure. This was proposed by PNG in recognition of its 50th year of independence, marking a milestone in the country’s journey. Australia has embraced the proposal, highlighting the deep trust and cooperation between the two countries. The treaty is not just a strategic defence agreement but a symbol of the enduring friendship between the nations. In addition, based on fifty years of close collaboration, the agreement acknowledges the sacrifices made by both countries' military forces and the shared commitment to peace, democracy, and sovereignty in the region. “The new alliance reflects our true commitment to each other and to a peaceful, stable, and prosperous region,” said a joint communiqué issued by both governments. “We will work together to ensure the well-being of our nations and their people.” The Pukpuk Treaty marks the beginning of a new chapter in the relationship between Australia and PNG, reinforcing the deep trust that has been built over decades of support.